With the arrival of the monsoon, the risk of mosquito-borne diseases like dengue fever rises sharply across India. While dengue can affect anyone, children are especially vulnerable to its complications because their immune systems are still developing. Early detection and timely care can make all the difference between a mild case and a medical emergency. Knowing when to seek pediatric care is crucial for ensuring your child’s safety during dengue season.

What Causes Dengue?

Dengue is caused by the dengue virus, which is transmitted by the bite of the Aedes aegypti mosquito. These mosquitoes usually bite during the daytime and breed in stagnant water around homes, schools, and gardens.

There are four different strains of the dengue virus, meaning a person can get infected more than once in their lifetime. Subsequent infections can be more severe, increasing the risk of complications such as dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome.

How Dengue Spreads

The virus does not spread directly from person to person. However, if a mosquito bites an infected individual, it can carry the virus and infect others. Therefore, preventing mosquito bites and eliminating breeding sites are the best ways to reduce the spread of dengue.

Common Symptoms of Dengue in Children

Dengue can be tricky to recognise in its early stages because the symptoms are similar to the flu or viral fever. However, being alert to certain signs can help parents act quickly.

Early symptoms (Day 1–3):

• High fever (up to 104°F or 40°C)
• Headache and pain behind the eyes
• Muscle and joint pain
• Fatigue and irritability
• Loss of appetite
• Mild rash or skin redness

Warning signs (Day 4–6):

As the fever starts to come down, serious symptoms may appear. This is when complications are most likely. Watch for:

• Persistent vomiting
• Severe stomach pain or tenderness
• Bleeding gums or nosebleeds
• Blood in vomit or stools
• Restlessness or unusual drowsiness
• Pale, cold, or clammy skin

If any of these warning signs occur, immediate medical attention is necessary.

Why Dengue Is More Risky in Children

Children are more prone to dehydration and can deteriorate faster than adults. Their smaller blood volume means that fluid leakage caused by dengue can lead to shock more quickly. Moreover, they may not be able to communicate symptoms like pain or dizziness clearly, making parental vigilance vital.

When to Seek Pediatric Care Immediately

You should consult a paediatrician without delay if your child:

• Has a high fever for more than 2–3 days that does not respond to paracetamol
• Develops severe abdominal pain, vomiting, or bleeding signs
• Becomes unusually weak, drowsy, or unresponsive
• Has difficulty breathing or a very fast pulse
• Shows a sudden drop in temperature after a high fever (a possible sign of shock)

Early intervention can prevent severe complications. Never self-medicate or use painkillers like ibuprofen or aspirin, as they can worsen bleeding.

How Paediatricians Manage Dengue

Diagnosis and Monitoring

The doctor will recommend a blood test to confirm dengue and assess platelet counts and haematocrit levels. In some cases, repeat tests may be required to monitor disease progression.

Supportive Treatment

There is no specific antiviral treatment for dengue. Management focuses on relieving symptoms and maintaining hydration.

• Fluids: Oral rehydration or IV fluids are essential to prevent dehydration.
• Fever control: Paracetamol is used to manage fever and discomfort.
• Monitoring: Regular monitoring of vital signs, urine output, and platelet counts helps track recovery.

In severe cases, hospitalisation is necessary for close observation and to manage complications like bleeding, organ involvement, or shock.

Home Care Tips for Mild Dengue Cases

If your doctor confirms a mild case of dengue and your child can be managed at home, follow these steps carefully:

• Ensure plenty of fluids such as water, coconut water, soups, and fruit juices.
• Maintain a light diet with easily digestible foods like khichdi, porridge, or fruits.
• Let the child rest adequately.
• Keep the fever under control with paracetamol as prescribed.
• Watch for warning signs like bleeding, abdominal pain, or persistent vomiting.

If any of these symptoms develop, go to the hospital immediately.

Preventing Dengue During the Season

1. Eliminate Mosquito Breeding Sites

Aedes mosquitoes breed in clean, stagnant water. Empty and clean water containers, flower pots, and coolers regularly.

2. Use Mosquito Protection

Apply child-safe mosquito repellent, dress children in long sleeves and pants, and use mosquito nets or window screens, especially during the day.

3. Keep Surroundings Clean

Avoid storing open water near your home. Dispose of waste properly to prevent mosquito breeding.

4. Promote Awareness

Teach children and family members about dengue prevention and the importance of reporting symptoms early.

Debunking Common Myths About Dengue

Myth 1: Dengue only spreads in dirty places.

Fact: Aedes mosquitoes breed in clean water, not dirty puddles.

Myth 2: Papaya leaf extract cures dengue.

Fact: There is no scientific proof that papaya leaf juice cures dengue. While it may help with mild symptoms, it cannot replace medical treatment.

Myth 3: Once you have dengue, you cannot get it again.

Fact: You can get dengue up to four times, each from a different strain. Later infections are usually more severe.

FAQs on Dengue in Children

1. How long does dengue last in children?

Dengue typically lasts about 7–10 days, but weakness may persist for a few weeks after recovery.

2. Can dengue be prevented through vaccination?

Some dengue vaccines are available, but they are still under evaluation in India. Prevention through mosquito control remains the best option.

3. Should I give antibiotics to my child for dengue?

No. Dengue is caused by a virus, and antibiotics are not effective against viral infections.

4. What foods help recovery from dengue?

Hydrating foods like soups, fruits, coconut water, and protein-rich meals aid recovery. Avoid oily or spicy foods that may cause nausea.

5. Can dengue come back after recovery?

You can get infected with another strain, but not the same one. Immunity develops only for the strain that caused the infection.

Consult Dr. Samir Khanapurkar for Expert Pediatric Care

At Dr. Samir Khanapurkar’s Clinic, we understand how stressful it can be when your child is unwell. Our expert pediatric care ensures early diagnosis, safe management, and close monitoring of dengue and other seasonal infections. Dr. Khanapurkar provides personalised care tailored to each child’s needs, ensuring a smooth and safe recovery.

Book your appointment with Dr. Samir Khanapurkar today and safeguard your child’s health this dengue season.